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Range Instruction

Range Work Station Design

How to design effective range stations and deliver precise, productive swing instruction.📄 ICC Athletic Development Plan (PDF)

Station Design Principles

Stations aligned parallel — all hitting same direction

8–10 feet minimum spacing between stations

One ball basket per station or per 2 students max

Target system: cones at 50/75/100 yards minimum

Mirror or reference board at instructor position

The Range Instruction Sequence

1

Observe 3–5 shots without speaking

Watch before you speak. Always.

2

Identify the PRIMARY issue

Path, face, or contact — not all three.

3

One cue only. Never more than one.

The brain cannot process multiple new patterns.

4

Give 3–5 shots with the cue active

Let them attempt the change.

5

Observe change. If no change: new cue or constraint.

Adapt if needed.

6

If change present: let them feel it 5 more times before moving on.

Repetition embeds the pattern.

THE ONE CUE RULE

The most common mistake: giving 3 corrections at once. The brain cannot process multiple new patterns simultaneously. Choose the one that, if fixed, would fix the others as a byproduct.

Priority order for beginners:ContactPathFace

Constraint-Led Instruction

Instead of "swing this way," use constraints that make the correct movement the only possible movement.

Constraint / DrillOutcome

Foot together drill

Forces weight shift

Alignment stick in ground at 45°

Prevents over-the-top path

Tee in front of ball

Forces forward shaft lean at impact

Towel under trail arm

Prevents early extension

Impact bag

Builds compression and contact awareness

Headcover behind ball

Shallow attack angle

Fault Catalog — Top 5 Beginner Faults

1
EARLY EXTENSION(coming out of posture through impact)
Visual

Hips push toward ball, upper body rises

Cause

Fear of the ground. Usually a compensation for steep attack.

Fix

Alignment stick in ground at knee height behind player

Cue

"Bump the stick with your right hip going through"

2
OVER-THE-TOP(outside-in swing path causing pull/slice)
Visual

Club exits to the left of target line

Cause

Arms lead the downswing before lower body

Fix

Throw-to-right-field drill (feel inside path)

Cue

"Swing to right field, not center field"

3
CHICKEN WING(lead arm collapses through impact)
Visual

Lead elbow bends and pulls away from body through impact

Cause

Deceleration or fear of the shot

Fix

Towel under lead arm drill

Cue

"Keep the lead arm running past your left pocket"

4
CASTING(releasing the club too early)
Visual

Wrist hinge lost at top of backswing immediately on downswing

Cause

Instinct to hit the ball hard with hands

Fix

L-to-L drill (maintain lag into impact)

Cue

"Let the grip lead, not the head"

5
REVERSE PIVOT(weight goes wrong direction)
Visual

Weight transfers backward instead of forward through impact

Cause

Trying to "lift" the ball

Fix

Left foot trail drill (must stay on left foot through impact)

Cue

"Post up on your left side like a kickboxer"